The project addresses the issue of Ukraine's post-war reconstruction from the perspective of the return of refugees and displaced persons. The potential connection between return, contribution to reconstruction, and the role of civil society is explored through a diachronic approach. It begins with the experience of Italian civil society engagement in the post-war period in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and continues with the current situation in Ukraine, analyzing the propensity to return/contribution of those who fled and the role of Italian NGOs.

The project is led by Cespi in partnership with OBCT/CCI and implemented with the contribution of the Analysis, Programming, Statistics, and Historical Documentation Unit of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation, pursuant to Article 23-bis of Presidential Decree 18/1967.